【标题】where引导名词性从句:(主要包含疑问分句和关系分句两种去作句子(主句)的“主语成分” “表语成分”和“宾语成分”）【1】where引导疑问分句：此时where含有和特殊疑问词相同的意思(不同的为陈述语气)Where I will go is none of your business.=It is none of your business where I will go.Where Tom went isn't known.=It isn't known where Tom went.备注：where引导疑问分句，由于从句能表达“完整的事件意义”的“主谓结构”，所以可以使用“外置主语结构” 即，把从句放在句末，让后由it作为形式主语。【2】where引导关系分句：此时where引导从句本质为名词短语/名词词组(where=the place where)Where Tom lives in summer is very hot.【正确】【where引导主语从句】=The place where Tom live in summer is very hot.【where引导定语从句】Where Mary lives is very beautiful in spring.【正确】【where引导主语从句】=The place where Mary lives is very beautiful in spring.【where引导定语从句】Where you come from must be pretty hot in (the) summer.【正确】【where引导主语从句】=The place where you come from must be pretty hot in (the)summer.【where引导定语从句】备注：where引导关系分句，因为关系分句本质为名词短语/名词词组。关系分句不能表达“完整的事件意义”的“主谓结构”，所以不可以使用“外置主语结构” 即：把从句放在句末，让后由it作为形式主语。所以以下三个句子都是错误的。It is very hot where Tom lives in summer?.【错误】It is very beautiful in spring where Mary lives.【错误】It must be pretty hot in (the) summer where you come from.【备注：如果把it当作形式主语和把where you come from为真正主语从句理解是错误的。】It must be pretty hot in (the) summer where you come from.【where引导地点状语从句】=It must be pretty hot in the summer in the place where you come from【where引导定语从句】【备注：把主语it指代天气，把where you come from理解为地点状语从句是正确的。】网友提供以下英语句子对错判断如下【1】?It doesn't matter what you do.【错误】更正：What you do doesn't matter.【正确】【2】It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident.【正确】=Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.【正确】【3】?It is surprising what he did yesterday.(what=the thing that/which)【错误】更正：what he did yesterday is surprising.【正确】【4】It must be pretty hot where you come from.(where=the place where)【理解主语从句是错误(where=the place where；理解为地点状语从句正确(in the place where】更正:What you come from??must be pretty hot where you come from.【正确】【主语从句作主语】【5】It's wonderful the enthusiasm that the children show.【错误】更正：The enthusiasm that the children show is wonderful【正确】【6】It's amazing the way (that) they work together.【错误】更正：The way that they work together is amazing.【正确】 的例句不能作为名词性关系分句可以外置的理论依据。名词词组通常是不能外置的，只有一类特殊的名词词组才可以外置，即该名词词组的形式为
关于主语外位(Extraposition)的疑问
一般来说，由从属连词that/whether/if，或者wh-类疑问词引导的主语从句可以进行外位，由先行主语it填补语法主语空缺。我的疑问是，由wh-类连接词引导的名词性特殊问句可作为外位主语，但是，wh-类连接词引导的名词性关系分句(即把连接词视为融合型关系代词/副词时)是否可作为外位主语？
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- 用户236478195 提出于 2023-01-30 15:31
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