好，
①Crises in international diplomacy do not always result from malice; for nations, like individuals, can find themselves locked into difficult positions, unable to back down.
请问，unable to back down，形容词作状语吗？修饰locked？
②For the first time in the modern era, non-Hispanic Whites are officially a minority in California, amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters a decade ago.
down是什么词性呢？down from这里是做定语修饰population吧？
③Paleontologist Stephen Jay Gould has argued that many biological traits are not the products of natural selection, favored because they enhance reproduction or survival, but are simply random by-products of other evolutionary developments.
请问，favored做状语还是定语？